Damage estimation is vital for monitoring the remaining life of carbon fiber reinforced plastic/polymer (CFRP). As a non-invasive, non-radiative, and low-cost method, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is increasingly investigated for the purpose of structural health monitoring of CFRP. The commonly used EIT method is limited by the image accuracy since it estimates the damage just through a reconstructed image. In this paper, a damage estimation method (DEM) is proposed to quantify the damage location and area. First, each damage is fitted into a two-dimensional Gaussian function through edge fitting. Then, the parameters of the Gaussian function are optimized with the two-norm regularization method. Finally, the damage location and area are estimated with the parameters of the Gaussian function. The accuracy of the DEM is directly evaluated in terms of location error and area error. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the potential of the proposed method in providing damage estimation information.The Toroidal Magnetized System device has been significantly upgraded to enable development of various wall conditioning techniques, including methods based on ion and electron cyclotron (IC/EC) range of frequency plasmas, and to complement plasma-wall interaction research in tokamaks and stellarators. The toroidal magnetic field generated by 16 coils can reach its maximum of 125 mT on the toroidal axis. The EC system is operated at 2.45 GHz with up to 6 kW forward power. The IC system can couple up to 6 kW in the frequency range of 10 MHz-50 MHz. The direct current glow discharge system is based on a graphite anode with a maximum voltage of 1.5 kV and a current of 6 A. A load-lock system with a vertical manipulator allows exposure of material samples. A number of diagnostics have been installed single- and triple-pin Langmuir probes for radial plasma profiles, a time-of-flight neutral particle analyzer capable of detecting neutrals in the energy range of 10 eV-1000 eV, and a quadrupole mass spectrometer and video systems for plasma imaging. The majority of systems and diagnostics are controlled by the Siemens SIMATIC S7 system, which also provides safety interlocks.A unique way to assemble a set of second-stage anvils for a cubic multianvil apparatus when used in a 6-6 mode is proposed. A plastic frame supporting the second-stage anvils along with a newly designed tool allows us to assemble the second-stage anvils within a few minutes. https://www.selleckchem.com/pharmacological_epigenetics.html The precision of anvil alignment is even better than the one attained by the ordinary method, which assembles the anvils within a metal frame in a quite time-consuming way. In situ experiments utilizing a synchrotron x-ray source proved a stable operation under 1500 K and about 10 GPa. The quick and accurate assembling feature of our device may ensure a minimum loss of beam time given in such a facility.Uniform large transition-edge sensor (TES) arrays are fundamental for the next generation of x-ray space observatories. These arrays are required to achieve an energy resolution ΔE less then 3 eV full width at half maximum (FWHM) in the soft x-ray energy range. We are currently developing x-ray microcalorimeter arrays for use in the future laboratory and space-based x-ray astrophysics experiments and ground-based spectrometers. In this contribution, we report on the development and the characterization of a uniform 32 × 32 pixel array with 140 × 30 μm2 Ti/Au TESs with the Au x-ray absorber. We report on extensive measurements on 60 pixels in order to show the uniformity of our large TES array. The averaged critical temperature is Tc = 89.5 ± 0.5 mK, and the variation across the array (?1 cm) is less than 1.5 mK. We found a large region of detector's bias points between 20% and 40% of the normal-state resistance where the energy resolution is constantly lower than 3 eV. In particular, results show a summed x-ray spectral resolution ΔEFWHM = 2.50 ± 0.04 eV at a photon energy of 5.9 keV, measured in a single-pixel mode using a frequency domain multiplexing readout system developed at SRON/VTT at bias frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 5 MHz. Moreover, we compare the logarithmic resistance sensitivity with respect to temperature and current (α and β, respectively) and their correlation with the detector's noise parameter M, showing a homogeneous behavior for all the measured pixels in the array.Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) are two key tools to probe the dynamic and static structure factors, respectively, in soft matter. Usually, DLS and SANS measurements are performed separately, in different laboratories, on different samples, and at different times. However, this methodology has particular disadvantages for a large variety of soft materials, which exhibit a high sensitivity to small changes in fundamental parameters, such as waiting times, concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Here, we report on a new portable DLS-SANS apparatus that allows one to simultaneously measure both the microscopic dynamics (through DLS) and the static structure (through SANS) on the same sample. The apparatus has been constructed as a collaboration between two laboratories, each an expert in one of the scattering methods, and was commissioned on the LOQ and ZOOM SANS instruments at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, U.K.From microwave atomic clocks to light clocks, atomic or ionic clocks often rely on atom or ion trapping or manipulation technology. Trapping hydrogen (H) atoms in atomic storage bulbs (ASBs) is one of the key technologies of H atomic clocks. H atoms remain in an ASB for some time during which they undergo several relaxation processes (including spin-exchange collision relaxation, atom-wall collision relaxation, and magnetic-field inhomogeneity relaxation) and interact with the electromagnetic field within the resonant cavity in the TE011 mode, giving rise to continuous atomic transitions and self-oscillations. In this study, an optimal atomic storage time Tb for a H maser was determined by optimizing various collisional relaxation times of the atomic ensemble and reducing the width of the atomic resonance line through the continuously adjustable length and radius of the opening of an ASB at various atomic beam intensities ξ (which is the number of atoms in the atomic beam), namely, 3 × 1012 atoms/s, 4 × 1012 atoms/s, and 5 × 1012 atoms/s, while keeping the structural properties and physical conditions of the H maser unchanged.